12/6/2023 0 Comments Architect nelson aboganda![]() Urbanization also increases the vulnerability to flooding of municipalities surrounding Laguna Lake. Effects of urbanization show that there is increase in the magnitude of poor families, increase in crime rates, and increase in number of families living in slum areas which needs more housing projects. ![]() Results show that urbanization is a burden and a threat because of ineffective governance of local government units (LGUs), inadequate urban development programs and participatory mechanisms, and ill political motivations. Secondary data from National Statistics Office, National Statistics Coordinating Board and other national and non-government agencies were reviewed to come up with an analysis. Specifically, it aims to determine the effect of urbanization in inequality, slum formation, crime rate and environmental degradation. So this paper aims to describe and analyze urbanization and its effect in the CaLaBaRZon area. Moreover, urbanization poses enormous challenges already serious: rising urban crimes, expansion of slums, environmental degradation: pollution and vulnerability to flooding (Wan & Sebastian, 2011). In addition, Cem Oyvat stated that urbanization changes the overall inequality in a country by raising the impact of urban inequality on the overall distribution. Kuznets claim that urbanization increases inequality in the first stages of industrialization. Looking from the lenses of three urbanization theories (endogenous, modernization and world system), this paper argues that in the country urbanization is more of a burden and a threat particularly in the CaLaBaRZon region. Thus, CaLaBaRZon is experiencing rapid urbanization, which in the Philippines is a phenomenon that creates opportunities and provides challenges rather than as a threat and burden (Osias, 2008). This is because of its close proximity to Manila and the industrial and economic opportunities that exist there. CaLaBaRZon is the second most thickly populated region in the country with 67% population living in the urban areas. One of its regions undergoing rapid urbanization is Region IV-A or CaLaBaRZon which is an acronym for five provinces in southwestern Luzon, just south and east of Metro Manila. These groups of islands are further subdivided into 17 regions. The Philippines is composed of 7,107 islands with Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao as the three largest groups of islands. Population growth is quite fast with 54 percent living in urban areas and is estimated to reach 111.7 million in 2020. ![]() The Philippines encountered an urban transition in the first part of the 21 st century. This new definition highlighted the economic dimension of the urbanization process. However, in 2003 a revision was done to formulate a more practical and realistic definition of urban areas in the country. Three factors regarding the Loretto Chapel staircase about the construction method, materials used and the identity of the carpenter still remain a puzzle to solve.In the Philippines, urban definition was anchored on population, density, and socio-physical organization of the city, and town center. A staircase would interfere with the interior space seating of the small Chapel.Ī mysterious carpenter built these mysterious stairs a spiral staircase with two 360 degree turns and without holding or nails using wooden pegs. ![]() On the construction of Loretto Chapel in 1878, the only way to access the choir loft twenty-two feet above was via a ladder. The other classic example is the Loretto Chapel. Here are a few mysterious stairs that will keep you wondering and bewildered all night.Įscherian Stairwell is one such impossible architectural astonishment where the stairs while ascending or descending from an uninterrupted twirl making four 90-degree turns making person climb forever.Īn is the stairwell located in Rochester Institute of Technology New York, designed by Filipino architect Rafael Nelson Aboganda a true Escherian Stairwell who has baffled and amazed students and architects all alike. Escher, whose arts were optically illusive and absurd architecture. A classic example of the mysterious stairs is the Escherian Stairwell also known as the Penrose steps is named after a Dutch artist M.C.
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